How to cite this paper
Zakaria, N., Ishak, K., Arshad, D., Abdullah, N & Ahmad, N. (2018). Measuring the dimensionality of human resource management: The perspective of Malaysian SME owner-managers.Management Science Letters , 8(5), 317-326.
Refrences
Abdullah, Z., Ahsan, N., & Alam, S. S. (2009). The effect of human resource management practices on business performance among private companies in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(6), 65.
Ahmad, S., & Schroeder, R. G. (2003). The impact of human resource management practices on oper-ational performance: recognizing country and industry differences. Journal of operations Manage-ment, 21(1), 19-43.
Agarwala, T. (2003). Innovative human resource practices and organizational commitment: An empiri-cal investigation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(2), 175-197.
Arokiasamy, L., & Ismail, M. (2009). The background and challenges faced by the small medium en-terprises. A human resource development perspective. International Journal of Business and Man-agement, 4(10), 95.
Arthur, J. B. (1994). Effects of human resource systems on manufacturing performance and turno-ver. Academy of Management journal, 37(3), 670-687.
Boselie, P., Dietz, G., & Boon, C. (2005). Commonalities and contradictions in HRM and performance research. Human resource management journal, 15(3), 67-94.
Bowen, D. E., & Ostroff, C. (2004). Understanding HRM–firm performance linkages: The role of the “strength” of the HRM system. Academy of management review, 29(2), 203-221.
Cardon, M. S., & Stevens, C. E. (2004). Managing human resources in small organizations: What do we know?. Human resource management review, 14(3), 295-323.
Carlson, D. S., Upton, N., & Seaman, S. (2006). The Impact of Human Resource Practices and Com-pensation Design on Performance: An Analysis of Family‐Owned SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(4), 531-543.
Chow, W. S., & Chan, L. S. (2008). Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing. Information & management, 45(7), 458-465.
De Kok, J., & Uhlaner, L. M. (2001). Organization context and human resource management in the small firm. Small business economics, 17(4), 273-291.
Delery, J. E., & Doty, D. H. (1996). Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions. Academy of Man-agement Journal, 39(4), 802-835.
Daud, N. (2006). Unpublished PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang.
Daud, N., & Mohamad, P. N. (2010, November). Exploring human resource practices in small and medium-sized enterprises in Malaysia: An empirical analysis. In Education and Management Tech-nology (ICEMT), 2010 International Conference on (pp. 426-430). IEEE.
Dhull, S., & Narwal, M. (2016). A state-of-art review on green supply chain management practic-es. Accounting, 2(3), 129-136.
Ghosh, I & Biswas, S. (2017). A novel framework of ERP implementation in Indian SMEs: Kernel principal component analysis and intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS driven approach. Accounting, 3(2), 107-118.
Guthrie, J. P., Spell, C. S., & Nyamori, R. O. (2002). Correlates and consequences of high involve-ment work practices: the role of competitive strategy. International journal of human resource management, 13(1), 183-197.
Hassan, A. (2010). Linking quality assurance to human resource management: A study of SMEs in Malaysia. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 27(6), 641-657.
Hair Jr, F. J., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & G. Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) An emerging tool in business research. European Business Re-view, 26(2), 106-121.
Huselid, M. A. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance. Academy of management journal, 38(3), 635-672.
Ichniowski, C., Shaw, K., & Prennushi, G. (1997). The effects of human resource management prac-tices on productivity: A study of steel finishing lines. The American Economic Review, 291-313.
Jayawarna, D., Macpherson, A., & Wilson, A. (2007). Training commitment and performance in man-ufacturing SMEs: Incidence, intensity and approaches. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 14(2), 321-338.
Klaas, B. S., McClendon, J., & Gainey, T. W. (2000). Managing HR in the small and medium enter-prise: The impact of professional employer organizations. Entrepreneurship Theory and Prac-tice, 25(1), 107-124.
Nadali, S., Zarifi, S & Shirsavar, H. (2017). Identifying and ranking the supply chain management fac-tors influencing the quality of the products. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 5(1), 43-50.
Osman, I., Ho, T. C., & Carmen Galang, M. (2011). The relationship between human resource practic-es and firm performance: an empirical assessment of firms in Malaysia. Business Strategy Se-ries, 12(1), 41-48.
Othman, R., Abdul-Ghani, R., & Arshad, R. (2001). Great expectations–CEOs’ perception of the per-formance gap of the HRM function in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. Personnel Re-view, 30(1), 61-80.
Osman, I., CF, T. H., & Galang, M. C. (2011). Are human resource departments really important? An empirical study on Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Service Sec-tor. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(2), 147.
Othman, A. E. A. (2008, October). Strategic integration of human resource management practices: Per-spectives of two major Japanese electrical and electronics companies in Malaysia. In Issues in Global Business and Management Research: Proceedings of the 2008 International Online Con-ference on Business and Management (IOCBM 2008) (p. 284). Universal-Publishers.
Panayotopoulou, L., Bourantas, D., & Papalexandris, N. (2003). Strategic human resource manage-ment and its effects on firm performance: an implementation of the competing values frame-work. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(4), 680-699.
Pfeffer, J. (1994). Competitive advantage through people. California management review, 36(2), 9.
Rowley, C., & Abdul-Rahman, S. (2007). The management of human resources in Malaysia: Locally-owned companies and multinational companies. Management revue, 18(4), 427-453.
Rowley, C., Benson, J., & Warner, M. (2004). Towards an Asian model of human resource manage-ment? A comparative analysis of China, Japan and South Korea. The International Journal of Hu-man Resource Management, 15(4-5), 917-933.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, http://www. smartpls. com.
Nasution, H. N., Mavondo, F. T., Matanda, M. J., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2011). Entrepreneurship: Its rela-tionship with market orientation and learning orientation and as antecedents to innovation and cus-tomer value. Industrial marketing management, 40(3), 336-345.
NSDC (2012a). Retrieved January, 30, 2013, from http://www.smecorp.gov.my/v4/node/2946
NSDC (2012b). Retrieved April, 27, 2015, from http://www.smecorp.gov.my/vn2/node/190
Ngui, K. S., Songan, P., & Hong, K. S. (2008). Organisational Learning Capability of Malaysia SMEs: Examining the Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Human-Capital Development Practices. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 7(04), 219-230.
Nguyen, T. V., & Bryant, S. E. (2004). A study of the formality of human resource management prac-tices in small and medium-size enterprises in Vietnam. International small business journal, 22(6), 595-618.
Snell, S. A., & Dean, J. W. (1992). Integrated manufacturing and human resource management: A hu-man capital perspective. Academy of Management journal, 35(3), 467-504.
Subramaniam, C., Shamsudin, F. M., & Ibrahim, H. (2011). Linking human resource practices and or-ganisational performance: Evidence from small and medium organisations in Malaysia. Jurnal Pen-gurusan (UKM Journal of Management), 27, 32.
Takeuchi, R., Lepak, D. P., Wang, H., & Takeuchi, K. (2007). An empirical examination of the mech-anisms mediating between high-performance work systems and the performance of Japanese organ-izations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 1069.
Vlachos, I. (2008). The effect of human resource practices on organizational performance: evidence from Greece. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1), 74-97.
Vlachos, I. P. (2009). High-performance workplace practices for Greek companies. EuroMed Journal of Business, 4(1), 21-39.
Way, S. A. (2002). High performance work systems and intermediate indicators of firm performance within the US small business sector. Journal of management, 28(6), 765-785.
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives for strategic human resource man-agement. Journal of management, 18(2), 295-320.
Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W., & Lepak, D. P. (1996). Human resource management, manu-facturing strategy, and firm performance. Academy of management Journal, 39(4), 836-866.
Zheng, C., O'Neill, G., & Morrison, M. (2009). Enhancing Chinese SME performance through inno-vative HR practices. Personnel Review, 38(2), 175-194.
Zacharatos, A. (2001). Unpublished doctoral thesis, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Ahmad, S., & Schroeder, R. G. (2003). The impact of human resource management practices on oper-ational performance: recognizing country and industry differences. Journal of operations Manage-ment, 21(1), 19-43.
Agarwala, T. (2003). Innovative human resource practices and organizational commitment: An empiri-cal investigation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(2), 175-197.
Arokiasamy, L., & Ismail, M. (2009). The background and challenges faced by the small medium en-terprises. A human resource development perspective. International Journal of Business and Man-agement, 4(10), 95.
Arthur, J. B. (1994). Effects of human resource systems on manufacturing performance and turno-ver. Academy of Management journal, 37(3), 670-687.
Boselie, P., Dietz, G., & Boon, C. (2005). Commonalities and contradictions in HRM and performance research. Human resource management journal, 15(3), 67-94.
Bowen, D. E., & Ostroff, C. (2004). Understanding HRM–firm performance linkages: The role of the “strength” of the HRM system. Academy of management review, 29(2), 203-221.
Cardon, M. S., & Stevens, C. E. (2004). Managing human resources in small organizations: What do we know?. Human resource management review, 14(3), 295-323.
Carlson, D. S., Upton, N., & Seaman, S. (2006). The Impact of Human Resource Practices and Com-pensation Design on Performance: An Analysis of Family‐Owned SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(4), 531-543.
Chow, W. S., & Chan, L. S. (2008). Social network, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing. Information & management, 45(7), 458-465.
De Kok, J., & Uhlaner, L. M. (2001). Organization context and human resource management in the small firm. Small business economics, 17(4), 273-291.
Delery, J. E., & Doty, D. H. (1996). Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency, and configurational performance predictions. Academy of Man-agement Journal, 39(4), 802-835.
Daud, N. (2006). Unpublished PhD thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang.
Daud, N., & Mohamad, P. N. (2010, November). Exploring human resource practices in small and medium-sized enterprises in Malaysia: An empirical analysis. In Education and Management Tech-nology (ICEMT), 2010 International Conference on (pp. 426-430). IEEE.
Dhull, S., & Narwal, M. (2016). A state-of-art review on green supply chain management practic-es. Accounting, 2(3), 129-136.
Ghosh, I & Biswas, S. (2017). A novel framework of ERP implementation in Indian SMEs: Kernel principal component analysis and intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS driven approach. Accounting, 3(2), 107-118.
Guthrie, J. P., Spell, C. S., & Nyamori, R. O. (2002). Correlates and consequences of high involve-ment work practices: the role of competitive strategy. International journal of human resource management, 13(1), 183-197.
Hassan, A. (2010). Linking quality assurance to human resource management: A study of SMEs in Malaysia. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 27(6), 641-657.
Hair Jr, F. J., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & G. Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) An emerging tool in business research. European Business Re-view, 26(2), 106-121.
Huselid, M. A. (1995). The impact of human resource management practices on turnover, productivity, and corporate financial performance. Academy of management journal, 38(3), 635-672.
Ichniowski, C., Shaw, K., & Prennushi, G. (1997). The effects of human resource management prac-tices on productivity: A study of steel finishing lines. The American Economic Review, 291-313.
Jayawarna, D., Macpherson, A., & Wilson, A. (2007). Training commitment and performance in man-ufacturing SMEs: Incidence, intensity and approaches. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 14(2), 321-338.
Klaas, B. S., McClendon, J., & Gainey, T. W. (2000). Managing HR in the small and medium enter-prise: The impact of professional employer organizations. Entrepreneurship Theory and Prac-tice, 25(1), 107-124.
Nadali, S., Zarifi, S & Shirsavar, H. (2017). Identifying and ranking the supply chain management fac-tors influencing the quality of the products. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 5(1), 43-50.
Osman, I., Ho, T. C., & Carmen Galang, M. (2011). The relationship between human resource practic-es and firm performance: an empirical assessment of firms in Malaysia. Business Strategy Se-ries, 12(1), 41-48.
Othman, R., Abdul-Ghani, R., & Arshad, R. (2001). Great expectations–CEOs’ perception of the per-formance gap of the HRM function in the Malaysian manufacturing sector. Personnel Re-view, 30(1), 61-80.
Osman, I., CF, T. H., & Galang, M. C. (2011). Are human resource departments really important? An empirical study on Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Service Sec-tor. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(2), 147.
Othman, A. E. A. (2008, October). Strategic integration of human resource management practices: Per-spectives of two major Japanese electrical and electronics companies in Malaysia. In Issues in Global Business and Management Research: Proceedings of the 2008 International Online Con-ference on Business and Management (IOCBM 2008) (p. 284). Universal-Publishers.
Panayotopoulou, L., Bourantas, D., & Papalexandris, N. (2003). Strategic human resource manage-ment and its effects on firm performance: an implementation of the competing values frame-work. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(4), 680-699.
Pfeffer, J. (1994). Competitive advantage through people. California management review, 36(2), 9.
Rowley, C., & Abdul-Rahman, S. (2007). The management of human resources in Malaysia: Locally-owned companies and multinational companies. Management revue, 18(4), 427-453.
Rowley, C., Benson, J., & Warner, M. (2004). Towards an Asian model of human resource manage-ment? A comparative analysis of China, Japan and South Korea. The International Journal of Hu-man Resource Management, 15(4-5), 917-933.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, http://www. smartpls. com.
Nasution, H. N., Mavondo, F. T., Matanda, M. J., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2011). Entrepreneurship: Its rela-tionship with market orientation and learning orientation and as antecedents to innovation and cus-tomer value. Industrial marketing management, 40(3), 336-345.
NSDC (2012a). Retrieved January, 30, 2013, from http://www.smecorp.gov.my/v4/node/2946
NSDC (2012b). Retrieved April, 27, 2015, from http://www.smecorp.gov.my/vn2/node/190
Ngui, K. S., Songan, P., & Hong, K. S. (2008). Organisational Learning Capability of Malaysia SMEs: Examining the Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Human-Capital Development Practices. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 7(04), 219-230.
Nguyen, T. V., & Bryant, S. E. (2004). A study of the formality of human resource management prac-tices in small and medium-size enterprises in Vietnam. International small business journal, 22(6), 595-618.
Snell, S. A., & Dean, J. W. (1992). Integrated manufacturing and human resource management: A hu-man capital perspective. Academy of Management journal, 35(3), 467-504.
Subramaniam, C., Shamsudin, F. M., & Ibrahim, H. (2011). Linking human resource practices and or-ganisational performance: Evidence from small and medium organisations in Malaysia. Jurnal Pen-gurusan (UKM Journal of Management), 27, 32.
Takeuchi, R., Lepak, D. P., Wang, H., & Takeuchi, K. (2007). An empirical examination of the mech-anisms mediating between high-performance work systems and the performance of Japanese organ-izations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 1069.
Vlachos, I. (2008). The effect of human resource practices on organizational performance: evidence from Greece. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1), 74-97.
Vlachos, I. P. (2009). High-performance workplace practices for Greek companies. EuroMed Journal of Business, 4(1), 21-39.
Way, S. A. (2002). High performance work systems and intermediate indicators of firm performance within the US small business sector. Journal of management, 28(6), 765-785.
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives for strategic human resource man-agement. Journal of management, 18(2), 295-320.
Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W., & Lepak, D. P. (1996). Human resource management, manu-facturing strategy, and firm performance. Academy of management Journal, 39(4), 836-866.
Zheng, C., O'Neill, G., & Morrison, M. (2009). Enhancing Chinese SME performance through inno-vative HR practices. Personnel Review, 38(2), 175-194.
Zacharatos, A. (2001). Unpublished doctoral thesis, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.