A value chain plays a crucial role in increasing production efficiency due to business uncertainty and high competition between business entities. Of these, the business must carry out the activities effectively and efficiently to achieve maximum profit. However, the study that focuses on the moderating role of the value chain in its relationship to firm performance is still limited. Thus, the present study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty toward firm performance and the mediating role of the value chain in the relationship between intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty to firm performance. This study was designed using a quantitative approach through an online survey. A total of 207 staff from non-financial state-owned enterprises consists of 10 clusters and 76 companies. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square method (SEM-PLS) and assisted by statistical software, namely SmartPLS 3.3.3. The result indicated that intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty have a significant effect on firm performance. Also, this study found that a value chain moderates the relationship of intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty toward firm performance. In conclusion, this study has successfully examined the effect of intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty on firm performance—also, the role of a value chain in the relationship of studied variables. In addition, the findings of this study showed that a value chain is an important tool for companies to improve their business performance.

Disruptive impact as the Covid-19 pandemic reduces the motivation of managers working in the supply chain function. A motivation as organizational commitment is crucial for organizations to foster supply chain resilience through enhancement of internal and external supply chain integration. This study draws upon the budgeting literature to explore the role of participative budgeting on the supply chain resilience amid Covid-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 191 managers working in supply chain functions of organizations operating in industrial zones in Vietnam. The technique of partial least square structural equation modelling was used to assess data. The results suggest that Covid-19's disruptive impact increases participative budgeting, which results in organizational commitment. This commitment leads to the enhancement of internal and external supply chain integration, which in turn leads to supply chain resilience. This study is the first study to explore how and why budgeting practices lead to the enhancement of supply chain resilience amid Covid-19 pandemic.

Achieving and maintaining good business performance is a core concern of every business entity. This quantitative study investigates the impact of sourcing strategies and logistics capabilities on the performance of Jordanian pharmaceutical enterprises using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The views and perceptions of 951 managers and assistant manager respondents working in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies were gathered anonymously via an electronic online questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. The findings revealed that sourcing strategies and logistical capabilities have a significant positive impact on organizational performance in pharmaceutical companies. Insourcing, near-sourcing, few / many suppliers, joint ventures, and virtual enterprises were perceived to be effective sourcing strategies in improving organizational performance. In contrast, outsourcing, and vertical integration were perceived to have a negligible impact on the performance in the context of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the findings confirmed that individual logistic capabilities (safety and compliance, storage, delivery, and imports and exports) of pharmaceutical firms were perceived as impacting positively on firm performance. This research provides useful insight for decision makers in pharmaceutical companies in Jordan when reviewing their supply chain, particularly during challenging and turbulent times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Student’s digital entrepreneurial intention is a key to develop nascent digital entrepreneurs from university graduates in an uncertain era. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of digital entrepreneurial education, risk propensity and environment support on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and digital entrepreneurial intention of university students in Semarang. The research population is students from several universities in Semarang City who have participated in digital entrepreneurship learning. 90 students are elected to be tested as research respondents. The collected data are then analyzed using descriptive analysis of the structural equation model. Risk propensity, entrepreneurial education, and environmental support positively support entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Risk propensity and entrepreneurial education also found a significant effect on digital entrepreneurial intention, but environment support found insignificant effect on digital entrepreneurial intention. University, government and the private sector are highly expected to increase students' digital entrepreneurial intention through training and learning programs both in the classroom or outside the classroom.