This study analyzes global approaches to circular carbon economy (CCE) and hydrogen governance, with particular attention to Saudi Arabia’s energy transition within its resource-rich economic and industrial context. The author takes a narrative approach by combining the technical, policy, legal, and governance analyses, as well as capturing recent trends in the policy and governance integration of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and the CCE model, CCE coupled with green and blue hydrogen, and energy transition governance at the global, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and Saudi Arabia (SA) levels. The review observes that CCE and hydrogen models in the last few years have begun to appear in net-zero policy frameworks, including policy goals, funds, and regulations internationally. In the case of Saudi Arabia, CCE is at the center of the climate narrative that connects Vision 2030, the Saudi and Middle East Green Initiatives, and the hydrogen mega-projects that are being developed. These green hydrogen initiatives provide Saudi Arabia with substantial opportunities to diversify its economy, reduce emissions, and develop competitive hydrogen export markets, particularly across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Nevertheless, carbon-lock-in risks may arise unless CCUS deployment is accompanied by domestic decarbonization, targeted subsidy reform, and effective institutional coordination. The review identifies opportunities to further strengthen regulatory coordination, legal clarity, and corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices, particularly within state-owned enterprises and sovereign-wealth-fund-supported enterprises. The study improves the understanding of CCE and hydrogen in resource-rich contexts by considering them as governance projects rather than technological projects and proposes a governance holistic framework combining law, policy, responsible institutional and corporate governance system CCE and hydrogen as a means of sustainable transforming resource to advance the net-zero emissions, Sustainable Development Goals, and Saudi Vision 2030’s long-term framework.

In today's altering business climate, supply chain agility has emerged as a key component of organizational success and competitive advantage. The performance of a company can be significantly impacted by its supply chain's capacity to react swiftly to changes in consumer requests, market circumstances, and other variables. This study examines the empirical effect of supply chain agility on organizational performance through the lens of Lean Six Sigma, business process management (BPM), technology innovation capabilities, and strategic alignment. The research methodology employed is a quantitative analysis of survey data collected from 187 supply chain professionals across different retail companies located in Dubai, UAE. The study findings indicate that supply chain agility has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance. The implementation of Lean Six Sigma, BPM, technology innovation, and strategic alignment also strengthens the relationship between supply chain agility and organizational performance. Furthermore, to increase supply chain agility and improve organizational performance, firms should invest in these aspects, promote a culture of continuous improvement and innovation, and work with supply chain partners.

This study investigates the legal role of supply chain governance (SCG) in mitigating contractual risks within Jordanian Islamic banks. Specifically, it examines the impact of five key governance components: supply chain governance, legal compliance, contract governance practices, transparency, and supplier governance mechanisms. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was employed, with data collected from 220 employees involved in supply chain management, compliance, and contract oversight. The study applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test five hypotheses, evaluating the relationships between governance practices and contractual risks. The results reveal that all five governance components have a statistically significant negative effect on contractual risks. Supply chain governance and contract governance practices exhibited the strongest impact, followed by legal compliance, transparency, and supplier governance mechanisms. These findings indicate that an integrated governance framework enhances operational efficiency, ensures regulatory and Shariah compliance, and reduces the likelihood of contractual disputes in Islamic banking. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the multidimensional role of governance in risk mitigation and offers practical guidance for managers seeking to strengthen governance mechanisms across the supply chain.

Cybersecurity threats have become a structural risk to digital project management, challenging not only digital data integrity but also long-term organizational sustainability. While prior research has emphasized awareness and technical safeguards, limited attention has been given to the behavioral–cognitive mechanisms through which cybersecurity knowledge translates into sustainable organizational outcomes. Drawing on Protection Motivation Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study examines the moderated-moderation effect of Perceived Risk (PR) and Risk of Behavior (RB) on the relationship between Cybersecurity Knowledge of Threats (CKT) and Organizational Sustainability (OS). Using survey data collected from 235 project management staff across UK organizations, the results of structural equation modeling reveal a significant three-way interaction (CKT × PR × RB). The findings indicate that CKT enhances OS most strongly when both PR and RB are high, suggesting that knowledge translates into sustainability only when employees accurately perceive cyber threats and respond with appropriate protective actions. This joint amplification effect uncovers a previously underexplored mechanism linking individual-level cognition to macro-level organizational resilience.

The complexity of highway design in areas with extreme geotechnical conditions such as steep slopes, soft soil, and active fault zones poses a major challenge in achieving cost, time, and construction safety efficiency. Conventional design approaches are often unable to adapt dynamically to variations in geotechnical risk, resulting in budget deviations and delays in implementation. This study aims to develop an Adaptive VE-BIM GeoRisk Framework that integrates Value Engineering (VE) and Building Information Modeling (BIM 4D–5D) methods into a single data-driven decision support system. This model combines the VE Job Plan stages with geotechnical data input, 3D-5D digital simulation, and multi-criteria weighting using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The integrated workflow includes geotechnical risk assessment (GeoRisk Assessment), function analysis through FAST Diagram, evaluation of bridge and embankment design alternatives, and BIM-based cost and time estimation. This framework was tested on a highway project with active fault characteristics and high slope gradients. The results of the study show that integral bridges are the most balanced solution, with costs increasing by 80.6% compared to embankments, but implementation time reduced by 60%, as well as providing technical and long-term sustainability benefits and increased design accuracy for varying soil conditions. These findings prove that adaptive VE–BIM integration can transform conventional value analysis into a data-driven decision-making system responsive to geotechnical risks, while also contributing to the development of new methodologies for smart and sustainable infrastructure design.

This study investigates the impact of carbon risk (CR) on firm performance (FP) using panel data from 1,504 firm-year observations of Thai-listed companies spanning the period 2021 to 2023. The results indicate that carbon risk, measured both as direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and as total emissions (including direct and indirect emissions), significantly reduces firm performance. The study further examines how environmental management practices (EMPs) moderate this relationship. The analysis reveals that EMPs, such as ISO certification and the establishment of a corporate governance and sustainability committee (CGSC), can effectively mitigate the negative impact of carbon risk on firm performance. This research enhances the understanding of carbon risk management and provides strategic insights for executives, investors, and policymakers involved in advancing Thailand’s transition toward a sustainable low-carbon economy.

The study’s purpose is to measure the impact of sustainability initiatives on the economic performance of logistics companies in Saudi Arabia. Quantitative research design was followed and data were collected with a structured questionnaire from employees working in Saudi logistics companies using a convenience sampling technique. Structural equation modeling was used to examine hypothetical relationships between constructs. The findings reveal that sustainable logistics transport, environmental sustainability, and social sustainability have a positive and significant influence on sustainable green practices, which in turn have a positive impact on economic performance. Sustainable green practices act as mediator between sustainability initiatives and the enhancement of the performance of logistics companies. The findings emphasize the significance of sustainability initiatives such as social, economic and logistics dimensions to attain economic outcomes and business sustainability. This provides insights for managers and policymakers to align logistics strategies with organizational and national sustainability goals.

This study aims to examine the effects of various factors on the sustainable development of agricultural tourism value chains in the North Central region of Vietnam. The study employs a quantitative research approach using multiple regression analysis. The data were collected from a survey of 471 respondents who are stakeholders involved in the agricultural tourism value chain, including tourists (aged 18 and above), farmers, tourism enterprises, and organizations operating in the agricultural sector in the North Central region of Vietnam. The research findings indicate that five factors significantly affect the sustainable development of agricultural tourism value chains. Among these, two factors have positive effects, ranked in order of influence as the effectiveness of agricultural tourism value chain linkages and access to financial services. Meanwhile, three risk-related factors associated with agricultural tourism value chain linkages have negative effects, ranked in order of influence as customer-related risk, environmental risk, and supply-related risk. Based on the research results, the authors propose several recommendations to promote the sustainable development of agricultural tourism value chains in the North Central region of Vietnam in the coming period.

Smart tourism technologies (STTs), as pivotal tools in the digital transformation of destinations, enhance tourist experiences by providing real-time information, personalized services, and automation. While their functional attributes are often examined, the psychological mechanisms and cultural contexts that shape their influence on tourist satisfaction remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by investigating how STTs affect tourist satisfaction, with a focus on the mediating role of perceived usefulness and the moderating influence of cultural familiarity. Drawing on survey data from 273 tourists in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia, the findings reveal that STTs improve satisfaction both directly and indirectly through perceived usefulness. Furthermore, cultural familiarity positively moderates this relationship, strengthening the link between perceived usefulness and satisfaction. These results underscore that technology's effectiveness is not merely functional but is shaped by the tourist's cultural lens. This study contributes to a more human-centered understanding of technology adoption in tourism and offers insights for developing culturally resonant smart tourism strategies.

Manufacturing firms face increasing pressure to strengthen data integration and coordinate activities as digital technologies become embedded in business processes. Although digital literacy, supply chain integration, transparency, and digital orientation are recognized as essential capabilities, limited research has examined their combined effects on firm performance in emerging-market contexts. This study investigates the interrelationships among these capabilities by surveying 220 manufacturing companies across Java and analyzing the data using SmartPLS 4. The results show that digital literacy significantly enhances supply chain integration and supply chain transparency, although it does not directly influence digital orientation. Supply chain integration positively affects supply chain transparency, digital orientation, and firm performance. Supply chain transparency improves digital orientation but has no direct effect on firm performance. Digital orientation is found to be a strong predictor of firm performance. These findings highlight a sequential capability pathway in which digital literacy and supply chain capabilities shape digital orientation, which in turn drives firm performance. The study offers practical guidance for manufacturing firms seeking strengthening digitalization strategies through targeted development of employee digital skills, integrated information systems, and transparent supply chain processes.