How to cite this paper
Abdullah, Z., Ismail, M., Sudarti, K., Aziz, N., Lukman, N., Hamdan, H & Saputra, J. (2023). Investigating the effect of perceived risk factors and COVID-19 pandemic situation on online shopping behavior among Malaysians.International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(3), 995-1004.
Refrences
Almousa, M. (2011). Perceived risk in apparel online shopping: A multi-dimensional perspective. Canadian Social Sci-ence, 7(2), 23-31.
Alstete, J.W. (2002). On becoming entrepreneur: An envolving typology. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behav-ior & Research, 8 (4), 222-234.
Aref, M.M., & Okasha, A.E., (2020). Evaluating the online shopping behavior among Egyptian college-educated commu-nity. Review of Economics and Political Science, 5(1); 21-37
Ariff, M.S.M., Sylvester, M., Zakuan, N., Ismail, K., & Ali, K.M. (2014). Consumer Perceived Risk, Attitude and Online Shopping Behavior; Empirical Evidence from Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 58, 1-10.
Aubel, M., Pikturniene, I., & Joye, Y. (2022). Risk Perception and Risk Behavior in Response to Service Robot Anthro-pomorphism in Banking. Central European Management Journal. 30(2), 26-42
Barnes, S., Bauer, H., Neumann, M. & Huber, F. (2007). Segmenting cyberspace: a customer typology for the inter-net. European Journal of Marketing, 41(1/2), 71-93.
Bauer, A.R. (1960). Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking. In Dynamic Marketing for a Changing World; Hancock, R.S., Ed.; American Marketing Association: Chicago, IL, USA, 389–398.
Bhatnagar, A., Misra, S. & Rao, H. R. (2000). Risk, Convenience, and Internet Shopping Behavior. Communications of the ACM, 43(11), 98-105.
Bhatti, A., Akram, H., Basit, H.M., Khan, A.U., Naqvi, S.M.R., & Bilal, M., (2020). E-commerce trends during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking, 13(2), 1449-1452.
Burke, P.R. (2002). Technology and customer interface: what consumers want in the physical and virtual store. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 30(4), 411-32.
Brynjolfsson, E., & Smith, M.D. (2000). Frictionless commerce? A comparison of internet and conventional retailers. Management Science, 46(4), 563-85.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the behavioral science (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associ-ates.
Chang, H.H., & Chen, S.W. (2008). The impact of online store environment cues on purchase intention: Trust and per-ceived risk as a mediator. Online Information Review, 32(6).
Crespo, Á.H., Rodríguez B.I., & García, M.M.S. (2009). The influence of perceived risk on Internet shopping behavior: a multidimensional perspective. Journal of Risk Research, 12(2), 259–277.
Diamantopoulos, A. & Siguaw, J.A., (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organisational measure develop-ment: A comparison and empirical illustration, British Journal of Management, 17(4), 263-282.
Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 284–289.
Eger, L., Komàrkovà, L., Egerovà, D. & Micık, M. (2021). The effect of Covid-19 on consumer shopping behavior: gener-ational cohort perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61, 102542.
Eroglu, S.A., Machleit, K.A. & Davis, L.M. (2003). Empirical testing of a model of online store atmospherics and shop-per responses. Psychology & Marketing, 20(2) 50-139.
Esa, M.M & Basri, R.M. (2018). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengguna dalam membuat keputusan pembelian atas talian (online) dikalangan kakitangan Radicare(M) Sdn. Bhd. Journal of Business Innovation, 3(1), 36-46.
Forsythe, S., Liu, C., Shannon, D., & Gardner, L. C. (2006). Development of a scale to measure the perceived benefits and risk of online shopping. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 20(2), 55-75.
Franke, G., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). Heuristics versus statistics in discriminant validity testing: A comparison of four pro-cedures. Internet Research, 29(3), 430-447.
Gillett, P.L. (1976). In-home shoppers – an overview. Journal of Marketing, 4(4), 8-81. .
Gold, A.H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A.H., (2001).Knowledge management: An organisational capabilities perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 185 - 214
Hand, C., Riley, F.D., Harris, P., Singh, J & Rettie, R., (2009). Online grocery shopping: the influence of situational fac-tors. European Journal of Marketing, 43(9/10), 1205-1219.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M. & Ringle, C.M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. Euro-pean Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
Hair Jr, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation model-ing (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135,
Hirschman, E.,C. & Holbrook, M.B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Jour-nal of Marketing, 48, 92–101.
Hulland, J., Baumgartner, H., & Smith, K. M. (2018). Marketing survey research best practices: evidence and recommen-dations from a review of JAMS articles. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46, 92-108.
Karekla, M., Pollalis, Y., & Angelopoulos, M. (2021). Key Drivers of Digital Transformation in Greek Businesses: Strat-egy vs. Technology. Central European Management Journal, 29(2), 33-62
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, (2002).
Koernig, S.K. (2003). E-scapes: the electronic physical environment and service tangibility. Psychology and Marketing, 20(2), 151-67.
Kim, I. (2010) "Consumers" rankings of risk reduction strategies in e-shopping. International Journal of Business Re-search, 10(3), 143-148.
Kline, R. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 3rd ed., Guilford Press, New York, NY.
Laohapensang, O. (2009). Factors influencing internet shopping behavior: a survey of consumers in Thailand. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 501–513.
Lee, K., & Tan, S. (2003). E-retailing Versus Physical Retailing: A Theoretical Model and Empirical Test of Consumer Choice. Journal of Business Research, 56(11), 877–885.
Mackenzie, S.B., Podsakoff, P.M., Podsakoff, N.P., & Mackenzie, S.B. (2011). Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: construct measurement and validation procedures in MIS and behavioral research: integrating new and existing Techniques. MIS Quarterly, 35(2), 293-334.
Masoud, E.Y. (2013). The effect of perceived risk on online shopping in Jordan. European Journal of Business and Man-agement 5(6), 201.
Mohamed, N.A. (2020, September 20). Covid-19: Beli barangan untuk simpan di rumah. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/74183/khas/covid-19/covid-19-beli-untuk-simpan-di-rumah. Accessed 20 September 2022.
Moon, J.W., & Kim, Y.G. (2001). Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context. Information & Management, 38(4), 217–230.
Morganosky, M.A. & Cude, B.J. (2000). Consumer response to online grocery shopping. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 28(1), 17-26.
Nguyen, H.V., Tran, H.X., Huy, L.V., Nguyen, X, N., Do, M.T., & Nguyen, N., (2020). Online Book Shopping in Vietnam: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation. Publishing Research Quarterly (2020), 36, 437–445.
Pallab, P. (1996). Marketing on the Internet. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 13(4), 27-39.
Saprikis, V., Chouliara, A., & Vlachopoulou, M. (2010). Perceptions towards online shopping: Analyzing the Greek uni-versity students' attitude. Communications of the IBIMA.
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: guidelines for using PLSpredict. European journal of marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347.
Unknown, (2022). Covid-19 masih belum berakhir: WHO. Sinar Harian. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/222544/khas/covid-19/covid-19-masih-belum-berakhir-who. Accessed 20 Sept 2022
Rose, S., & Dhandayudham, A. (2014). Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors. Journal of behavioral addictions, 3(2), 83-89.
Rose, S. & Samouel, P. (2009). Internal psychological versus external market-driven determinants of the amount of con-sumer information search amongst experienced online shoppers. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(1–2), 171–190.
Stohr, K., & Esveld, M. (2004). Public Health: Enhanced: Will vaccines be available for the next influenza pandemic?. Science, 306(5705), 2195–2196.
Tham, K.W., Dastane, O., Johari, Z., & Ismail, N., (2019). Perceived risk factors affecting consumers' online shopping be-havior. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(4), 249-260.
Vorzhakova, Y., & Boiarynova, K., (2020). The application of digitalisation in enterprises on the basis of multiple criteria selection design. Central European Management Journal, 28(3), 127–148.
Alstete, J.W. (2002). On becoming entrepreneur: An envolving typology. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behav-ior & Research, 8 (4), 222-234.
Aref, M.M., & Okasha, A.E., (2020). Evaluating the online shopping behavior among Egyptian college-educated commu-nity. Review of Economics and Political Science, 5(1); 21-37
Ariff, M.S.M., Sylvester, M., Zakuan, N., Ismail, K., & Ali, K.M. (2014). Consumer Perceived Risk, Attitude and Online Shopping Behavior; Empirical Evidence from Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 58, 1-10.
Aubel, M., Pikturniene, I., & Joye, Y. (2022). Risk Perception and Risk Behavior in Response to Service Robot Anthro-pomorphism in Banking. Central European Management Journal. 30(2), 26-42
Barnes, S., Bauer, H., Neumann, M. & Huber, F. (2007). Segmenting cyberspace: a customer typology for the inter-net. European Journal of Marketing, 41(1/2), 71-93.
Bauer, A.R. (1960). Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking. In Dynamic Marketing for a Changing World; Hancock, R.S., Ed.; American Marketing Association: Chicago, IL, USA, 389–398.
Bhatnagar, A., Misra, S. & Rao, H. R. (2000). Risk, Convenience, and Internet Shopping Behavior. Communications of the ACM, 43(11), 98-105.
Bhatti, A., Akram, H., Basit, H.M., Khan, A.U., Naqvi, S.M.R., & Bilal, M., (2020). E-commerce trends during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking, 13(2), 1449-1452.
Burke, P.R. (2002). Technology and customer interface: what consumers want in the physical and virtual store. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 30(4), 411-32.
Brynjolfsson, E., & Smith, M.D. (2000). Frictionless commerce? A comparison of internet and conventional retailers. Management Science, 46(4), 563-85.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the behavioral science (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associ-ates.
Chang, H.H., & Chen, S.W. (2008). The impact of online store environment cues on purchase intention: Trust and per-ceived risk as a mediator. Online Information Review, 32(6).
Crespo, Á.H., Rodríguez B.I., & García, M.M.S. (2009). The influence of perceived risk on Internet shopping behavior: a multidimensional perspective. Journal of Risk Research, 12(2), 259–277.
Diamantopoulos, A. & Siguaw, J.A., (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organisational measure develop-ment: A comparison and empirical illustration, British Journal of Management, 17(4), 263-282.
Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 284–289.
Eger, L., Komàrkovà, L., Egerovà, D. & Micık, M. (2021). The effect of Covid-19 on consumer shopping behavior: gener-ational cohort perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61, 102542.
Eroglu, S.A., Machleit, K.A. & Davis, L.M. (2003). Empirical testing of a model of online store atmospherics and shop-per responses. Psychology & Marketing, 20(2) 50-139.
Esa, M.M & Basri, R.M. (2018). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengguna dalam membuat keputusan pembelian atas talian (online) dikalangan kakitangan Radicare(M) Sdn. Bhd. Journal of Business Innovation, 3(1), 36-46.
Forsythe, S., Liu, C., Shannon, D., & Gardner, L. C. (2006). Development of a scale to measure the perceived benefits and risk of online shopping. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 20(2), 55-75.
Franke, G., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). Heuristics versus statistics in discriminant validity testing: A comparison of four pro-cedures. Internet Research, 29(3), 430-447.
Gillett, P.L. (1976). In-home shoppers – an overview. Journal of Marketing, 4(4), 8-81. .
Gold, A.H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A.H., (2001).Knowledge management: An organisational capabilities perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 185 - 214
Hand, C., Riley, F.D., Harris, P., Singh, J & Rettie, R., (2009). Online grocery shopping: the influence of situational fac-tors. European Journal of Marketing, 43(9/10), 1205-1219.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M. & Ringle, C.M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. Euro-pean Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
Hair Jr, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation model-ing (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135,
Hirschman, E.,C. & Holbrook, M.B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Jour-nal of Marketing, 48, 92–101.
Hulland, J., Baumgartner, H., & Smith, K. M. (2018). Marketing survey research best practices: evidence and recommen-dations from a review of JAMS articles. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46, 92-108.
Karekla, M., Pollalis, Y., & Angelopoulos, M. (2021). Key Drivers of Digital Transformation in Greek Businesses: Strat-egy vs. Technology. Central European Management Journal, 29(2), 33-62
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, (2002).
Koernig, S.K. (2003). E-scapes: the electronic physical environment and service tangibility. Psychology and Marketing, 20(2), 151-67.
Kim, I. (2010) "Consumers" rankings of risk reduction strategies in e-shopping. International Journal of Business Re-search, 10(3), 143-148.
Kline, R. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 3rd ed., Guilford Press, New York, NY.
Laohapensang, O. (2009). Factors influencing internet shopping behavior: a survey of consumers in Thailand. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 501–513.
Lee, K., & Tan, S. (2003). E-retailing Versus Physical Retailing: A Theoretical Model and Empirical Test of Consumer Choice. Journal of Business Research, 56(11), 877–885.
Mackenzie, S.B., Podsakoff, P.M., Podsakoff, N.P., & Mackenzie, S.B. (2011). Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: construct measurement and validation procedures in MIS and behavioral research: integrating new and existing Techniques. MIS Quarterly, 35(2), 293-334.
Masoud, E.Y. (2013). The effect of perceived risk on online shopping in Jordan. European Journal of Business and Man-agement 5(6), 201.
Mohamed, N.A. (2020, September 20). Covid-19: Beli barangan untuk simpan di rumah. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/74183/khas/covid-19/covid-19-beli-untuk-simpan-di-rumah. Accessed 20 September 2022.
Moon, J.W., & Kim, Y.G. (2001). Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context. Information & Management, 38(4), 217–230.
Morganosky, M.A. & Cude, B.J. (2000). Consumer response to online grocery shopping. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 28(1), 17-26.
Nguyen, H.V., Tran, H.X., Huy, L.V., Nguyen, X, N., Do, M.T., & Nguyen, N., (2020). Online Book Shopping in Vietnam: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation. Publishing Research Quarterly (2020), 36, 437–445.
Pallab, P. (1996). Marketing on the Internet. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 13(4), 27-39.
Saprikis, V., Chouliara, A., & Vlachopoulou, M. (2010). Perceptions towards online shopping: Analyzing the Greek uni-versity students' attitude. Communications of the IBIMA.
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: guidelines for using PLSpredict. European journal of marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347.
Unknown, (2022). Covid-19 masih belum berakhir: WHO. Sinar Harian. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/222544/khas/covid-19/covid-19-masih-belum-berakhir-who. Accessed 20 Sept 2022
Rose, S., & Dhandayudham, A. (2014). Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors. Journal of behavioral addictions, 3(2), 83-89.
Rose, S. & Samouel, P. (2009). Internal psychological versus external market-driven determinants of the amount of con-sumer information search amongst experienced online shoppers. Journal of Marketing Management, 25(1–2), 171–190.
Stohr, K., & Esveld, M. (2004). Public Health: Enhanced: Will vaccines be available for the next influenza pandemic?. Science, 306(5705), 2195–2196.
Tham, K.W., Dastane, O., Johari, Z., & Ismail, N., (2019). Perceived risk factors affecting consumers' online shopping be-havior. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(4), 249-260.
Vorzhakova, Y., & Boiarynova, K., (2020). The application of digitalisation in enterprises on the basis of multiple criteria selection design. Central European Management Journal, 28(3), 127–148.