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How to cite this paper
APA: Octavian, J. (2026). Experimental and numerical investigation of the ballistic limit and critical thickness of jute/epoxy laminates under 9 mm projectile impact. Engineering Solid Mechanics, 14(3), 261-272.
Chicago/Turabian: Octavian, J. 2026. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the ballistic limit and critical thickness of jute/epoxy laminates under 9 mm projectile impact." Engineering Solid Mechanics 14, no. 3 (2026): 261-272.
AMA: Octavian, J. Experimental and numerical investigation of the ballistic limit and critical thickness of jute/epoxy laminates under 9 mm projectile impact. Engineering Solid Mechanics. 2026;14(3):261-272.
References
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Dejene, B. K. (2024). Advancing Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites Through Incorporating ZnO Nanofillers in the Polymeric Matrix: A Review. Journal of Natural Fibers, 21(1), 2356015. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2024.2356015
Hosseini, M., Gaff, M., Konvalinka, P., Hui, D., Wei, Y., Ghosh, P., Hosseini, A., & Pandey, P. K. (2025). Experimental Study on the Residual Property of Kevlar-Jute/Epoxy Hybrid Composite Laminates with Multiple Drilled Holes. Journal of Natural Fibers, 22(1), 2464151. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2025.2464151
Hussain, M. Z., Shah, S. Z. H., Choudhry, R. S., Hussnain, S. M., Megat-Yusoff, P. S. M., Sharif, T., & Mahadzir S. B. (2025). Fatigue life enhancement of fibre-reinforced composites: A state-of-the-art review and outlook. Results in Engineering, 28, 108125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108125
Khalid, A. A., & Rohaizan, S. M. (2024). Performance of tri-tubular conical energy absorber under axial compression. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 11(1), 9872-9882. https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.18.1.2024.6.0781
Mamys, M., Pyka, D., Kurzawa, A., Baocian, M., Barsan, N., & Jamroziak, K. (2024). Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Car Body Shield Loaded with a Ballistic Impact. Machines, 12(2), 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12020088
Mia, N. M., Rabbi, M. S., Parvez, M. A., Chowdhury, M. A., Naim, M. S. H., Hossain, M. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2026). Advances in tribological performance of plant–fiber reinforced epoxy composites. RSC Advances, 16(2), 1392-1442. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07843a
Naveen, J., Jayakrishna, K., Hameed Sultan, M. T. B., & Amir, S. M. M. (2020). Ballistic Performance of Natural Fiber Based Soft and Hard Body Armour- A Mini Review’. Frontiers in Materials, 7, 608139. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.608139
Nurazzi, N. M., Asyraf, M. R. M., Khalina, A., Abdullah, N., Aisyah, H. A., Rafiqah, S. A., Sabaruddin, F. A., Kamarudin, S. H., Norrrahim, M. N. F., Ilyas, R. A., & Sapuan, S. M. (2021). A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite for Bullet Proof and Ballistic Applications. Polymers, 13(4), 646. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040646
Ojo, O. O., Olaleke, M. O., Alaneme, K. K., & Dahunsi, A. O. (2025). Ballistic and impact resistance performance of natural fiber-reinforced composites from biomass resources. Next Materials, 8, 100565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100565
Olanrewaju, O., Oladele, I. O., & Adelani, S. O. (2025). Recent advances in natural fiber reinforced metal/ceramic/polymer composites: An overview of the structure-property relationship for engineering applications. Hybrid Advances, 8, 100378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100378
Praveen, B. A. (2026). Mechanical and morphological evaluation of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites for sustainable structural and automotive applications. Fracture and Structural Integrity, 20(76), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.76.01
Rajole, S., Ravishankar, K. S., & Kulkarni, S. M. (2020). Performance study of jute-epoxy composites/sandwiches under normal ballistic impact. Defence Technology, 16(4), 947-955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.11.011
Saha, S., Das, S., & Rahman, M. Z. (2026). Hybridization in natural fiber composites: Enhanced performance and sustainability. Composites Part B: Engineering, 308, 112986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112986
Seid, A. M., & Adimass, S. A. (2024). Review on the impact behavior of natural fiber epoxy based composites. Heliyon, 10(20), e39116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39116
Shoily, S. K., Sajib, M. A. R., Islam, M. S., & Arifuzzaman, M. (2025). Tailoring interfacial adhesion and hydrophobicity in jute-epoxy composites via acrylic water sealer coatings. Hybrid Advances, 11, 100558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100558
Singh, D. K., & Tiwari, G. (2026). Ballistic impact behavior of laminated jute fiber structures against two projectile nose profiles. Mechanics Research Communications, 152, 104612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2026.104612
Syduzzaman, M. D., Chowdhury, S. E., Pritha, N. M., Hassan, A., & Hossain S. (2024). Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites for ballistic protection: Design, performance, and challenges. Results in Materials, 24, 100639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100639
Dejene, B. K. (2024). Advancing Natural Fiber-Reinforced Composites Through Incorporating ZnO Nanofillers in the Polymeric Matrix: A Review. Journal of Natural Fibers, 21(1), 2356015. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2024.2356015
Hosseini, M., Gaff, M., Konvalinka, P., Hui, D., Wei, Y., Ghosh, P., Hosseini, A., & Pandey, P. K. (2025). Experimental Study on the Residual Property of Kevlar-Jute/Epoxy Hybrid Composite Laminates with Multiple Drilled Holes. Journal of Natural Fibers, 22(1), 2464151. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2025.2464151
Hussain, M. Z., Shah, S. Z. H., Choudhry, R. S., Hussnain, S. M., Megat-Yusoff, P. S. M., Sharif, T., & Mahadzir S. B. (2025). Fatigue life enhancement of fibre-reinforced composites: A state-of-the-art review and outlook. Results in Engineering, 28, 108125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108125
Khalid, A. A., & Rohaizan, S. M. (2024). Performance of tri-tubular conical energy absorber under axial compression. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 11(1), 9872-9882. https://doi.org/10.15282/jmes.18.1.2024.6.0781
Mamys, M., Pyka, D., Kurzawa, A., Baocian, M., Barsan, N., & Jamroziak, K. (2024). Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Car Body Shield Loaded with a Ballistic Impact. Machines, 12(2), 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12020088
Mia, N. M., Rabbi, M. S., Parvez, M. A., Chowdhury, M. A., Naim, M. S. H., Hossain, M. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2026). Advances in tribological performance of plant–fiber reinforced epoxy composites. RSC Advances, 16(2), 1392-1442. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07843a
Naveen, J., Jayakrishna, K., Hameed Sultan, M. T. B., & Amir, S. M. M. (2020). Ballistic Performance of Natural Fiber Based Soft and Hard Body Armour- A Mini Review’. Frontiers in Materials, 7, 608139. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.608139
Nurazzi, N. M., Asyraf, M. R. M., Khalina, A., Abdullah, N., Aisyah, H. A., Rafiqah, S. A., Sabaruddin, F. A., Kamarudin, S. H., Norrrahim, M. N. F., Ilyas, R. A., & Sapuan, S. M. (2021). A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite for Bullet Proof and Ballistic Applications. Polymers, 13(4), 646. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040646
Ojo, O. O., Olaleke, M. O., Alaneme, K. K., & Dahunsi, A. O. (2025). Ballistic and impact resistance performance of natural fiber-reinforced composites from biomass resources. Next Materials, 8, 100565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100565
Olanrewaju, O., Oladele, I. O., & Adelani, S. O. (2025). Recent advances in natural fiber reinforced metal/ceramic/polymer composites: An overview of the structure-property relationship for engineering applications. Hybrid Advances, 8, 100378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100378
Praveen, B. A. (2026). Mechanical and morphological evaluation of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites for sustainable structural and automotive applications. Fracture and Structural Integrity, 20(76), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.76.01
Rajole, S., Ravishankar, K. S., & Kulkarni, S. M. (2020). Performance study of jute-epoxy composites/sandwiches under normal ballistic impact. Defence Technology, 16(4), 947-955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.11.011
Saha, S., Das, S., & Rahman, M. Z. (2026). Hybridization in natural fiber composites: Enhanced performance and sustainability. Composites Part B: Engineering, 308, 112986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112986
Seid, A. M., & Adimass, S. A. (2024). Review on the impact behavior of natural fiber epoxy based composites. Heliyon, 10(20), e39116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39116
Shoily, S. K., Sajib, M. A. R., Islam, M. S., & Arifuzzaman, M. (2025). Tailoring interfacial adhesion and hydrophobicity in jute-epoxy composites via acrylic water sealer coatings. Hybrid Advances, 11, 100558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100558
Singh, D. K., & Tiwari, G. (2026). Ballistic impact behavior of laminated jute fiber structures against two projectile nose profiles. Mechanics Research Communications, 152, 104612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2026.104612
Syduzzaman, M. D., Chowdhury, S. E., Pritha, N. M., Hassan, A., & Hossain S. (2024). Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites for ballistic protection: Design, performance, and challenges. Results in Materials, 24, 100639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100639