The effect of air injection into a coffee roasting chamber of a 2 kg rotary drum roaster is investigated on the temperature profiles and organoleptic properties of a Catuai coffee variety. In the experimental study, 1 kg of coffee beans were used and the air injection velocities were varied for the cases of 0 (standard roasting design), 1, 2 and 3 m/s; testing in triplicate and the two most representative were taken. In the coffee roaster, the temperature was monitored simultaneously in the air inlet duct, roasting chamber and gas outlet duct. The organoleptic properties were examined by a group of professionals from Negociaciones Agroindustrial Arévalo S.A. NARSA in the province of Chanchamayo - Peru, which has a G4 laboratory certified by the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA). In the organoleptic ratings, a maximum score of 83.21/100 was found for the 2 m/s test and a minimum of 80.63/100 for the 1 m/s test. For the numerical characterization, the principle of fluid mechanics such as turbulent regime flow and energy transport were used by the finite volume (FV) method using SolidWorks 2021 Flow Simulation software. The numerical results showed that for the 2 m/s test, the temperature of the bean reaches 195 oC at 500 s, indicating that the whole coffee bean reaches the cooking temperature required for the development time prior to eviction; while for the 1 m/s test, it did not exceed 190 oC. It is shown here that the effect of air injection in the roasting chamber, caused organoleptic changes with respect to the conventional design without air injection, due to a sustained cooking at different times and an adequate development time. However, there is a speed threshold where when exceeded, temperatures inside the chamber remain low, development time is extended (machine energy consumption is extended), and organoleptic properties should not improve. However, as the test speeds are exceeded, temperatures inside the chamber remain low, causing the development time to be extended with higher energy consumption and under these conditions the organoleptic properties are not improved.

Peru is a country with plenty of renewable energy sources. However, its power demand depends on more than 50% of fossil fuels. Specifically, the power coming from the sun only represents 1% of the Peruvian energy matrix even though the territory has high radiation indexes. Therefore, the current analysis aims to search for the research situation of photovoltaic energy. Hence, this research looked for literature from RENATI and EBSCO, which provided 398 pieces of academic investigation. After applying the Prisma methodology to select the most relevant thesis and papers, we analyzed 48 elements. We found that the on-grid technology was the most viable in economic terms for projects related to business and electrification. At the same time, off-grid systems have been preferred for sanitation applications. Nonetheless, all the reviewed literature showed that photovoltaic technology positively impacted the environment and was as effective as conventional sources.

In the construction industry there are several problems that negatively impact the environment from the process of obtaining materials, the construction of buildings and their use. That is why the bibliographic review research analyzes the use and application of the hemp-based brick with the support of the Scopus database and the VOSviewer software as data analytics, the characteristics of the brick were taken into account as well As an air pollution purifier, humidity reduction and thermal insulation, graphs related to these characteristics were obtained, highlighting the words with the highest frequency in the research, countries that published and bibliometric maps worldwide. The results help us determine that there is an application of this brick in countries with the greatest needs and growth and also in potential countries, however we believe that in Peru there is no analysis or interest in this brick. This hemp-based brick has positive advantages for the environment and is potentially ecological from the beginning of obtaining the materials, used in the construction of houses and then as waste, in these three phases it contributes to the environment. The purpose of the research is to be the beginning for future investments and research related to the hemp-based brick applied in the construction industry and the other objective is to motivate professionals to use and apply this brick that will have benefits for the environment.