This study aims to explore the interrelationships between Green Open Spaces, Ecological Patterns, the Ecological Supply Chain, and Environmental Sustainability in urban ecosystems. A quantitative research approach employing a cross-sectional design was utilized. Data were collected through surveys and field observations from urban residents with access to green spaces. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS was used for data analysis. The findings indicate significant impacts of Green Open Spaces and Ecological Patterns on both the Ecological Supply Chain and Environmental Sustainability. Moreover, the Ecological Supply Chain mediates the relationship between Green Open Spaces/Ecological Patterns and Environmental Sustainability. Limitations include the focus on a specific geographical area and potential biases in self-reported data. This study contributes to ecological theory by emphasizing the interconnectedness between ecological elements and their influence on Environmental Sustainability. Practically, it provides insights for urban planning and conservation efforts, highlighting the importance of preserving natural habitats within urban environments. The findings also underscore the need for holistic approaches to ecosystem management and sustainability. The novel aspect of this study lies in its examination of the mediating role of the Ecological Supply Chain in the relationship between ecological elements and Environmental Sustainability, offering new insights into the mechanisms driving ecosystem dynamics in urban settings.