The aim of this study is to provide an insight into the factors that influence the successful implementation of knowledge management and organizational performance in Saudi Arabia’s telecommunications industry. One thousand copies of survey questionnaires were sent to targeted telecommunication organization and they were distributed by hand. Middle management level was chosen to participate in this study due to their importance as stressed by many knowledge management researchers. Out of the 1000 questionnaires distributed, 441 complete questionnaires were successfully collected and used for data analysis. There is still a lack of the knowledge management research in the Saudi Arabia context. The present research focus-es on telecommunication industry in Saudi Arabia. The result of this research will be able to provide an insight into what are the overall perception overall perception of knowledge management and how various knowledge management elements (preliminary success factors, strategies and processes) affect the successful implementation of knowledge management and its organizational performance among the telecommunication organizations in Saudi Arabia. The findings are useful for the telecommunication industry. The present research serves as one of the pioneer studies that focuses on telecommunication industry in Saudi Arabia. The empirical insights from this study contributes to successful implementation of knowledge management in the telecommunication industry in Saudi Arabia.