Involving industry in the implementation of Vocational High School (VHS) policy not only provides knowledge into business needs, but also allows industries to affect strategies and programs for learning and teaching across the VHS overall. This study suggests that external learning contributes to the instructional agility, and product innovation efficacy, resulting in VHS performance. The research examines the analysis of structural equation modelling (SEM) based on empirical data gathered from 129 Vocational High Schools in Bali Province, Indonesia. The research attempts to focus specifically on how instructional agility, and product innovation efficacy mediates the influence of external learning on VHS performance in Indonesia. The study shows that external learning has no impact on VHS performance, while it indirectly improves the VHS performance through all of instructional agility, and product innovation efficacy.

Manufacturing flexibility is critical for businesses in adapting to the unstable conditions cre-ated by environmental influences such as consumer demand complexities, raw material disruptions, and industrial policy changes. In order to analyze the way of improving manufacturing flexibility, this study suggests that strategic supplier integration (SSI) and strategic customer integration (SCI) lead to the flexibilities in production process, resulting in high financial performance. This research measures the analysis of structural equation modelling based on empirical data obtained from 139 manufacturers in Indonesia. The study aims to shed light into how manufacturing flexibility mediates the impact of strategic external integration on financial performance within the bottled drinking industry in Indonesia. The study reveals that both SSI and SCI had a major impact on financial performance, while they indirectly increase the financial performance through manufacturing flexibility.